Car-seat mechanism.



No. 717,723. .-.-.H-MTBNTED JAN. e, 1903.

H. TESSEYMAN. CAR SEAT MEGHANISM.

APPLIUATIOH FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

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No. 717,723. V PATENTBD JAN. 6, 1903.'

H. TBSSBYMAN.

GAR SEAT MEGHANISM.

)APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 MODEL.

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' H1 TBSSEYMAN.

GAR SEAT MEGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, .1902.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

NO MODEL.

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CAR SEAT MBCHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 20, 1902. R0 MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

Y adjusted to and inclination and by UNiTsD STAT-'ns PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY TESSEYMAN, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE BARNEY da SMITH OAR COMPANY,

or DAYTON, Onto.

CAR-SEAT' MECHANISM.

SPEOIFICATIOII forming part 4o f Letters Patent No. 717,723', dated January 6, 1903.

Application filed June 2D, 1902.

To all whom t 1v1/ay concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY TsssnvnAN, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Oar-Seat lMechanism; and lldo hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon,' which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to mechanism for seats for use in railway-cars and other places and in whichthe back of the seat can be shifted from one side of the seat to the other and held in various inclinations to suit the comfort and convenience of the occupant and whereby the seat-cushion is moved and tilted and the foot-rest rotated by the operation of shifting the back across the seat.

The primary object of Vmy invention is to provide means,in conjunction with the mech anism shown and described in the application of Eddy T. M'claig for improvements in carseat movements led with the Commissioner of Patents on the 3d day of March, 1902, and

numbered 96,52%, whereby the results aforesaid will be accomplished in a simple, inexpensive, and efficient manner.

With these ends in view the invention consists in certain features of novelty in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts by and which are fully described in this specifi-V cation, illustrated in the accompanying drawings,and pointed out in the claims at the end hereof.

In the said drawings, Figure l is a perspective view from the inside of one end of the seat, the back and theseat-cushion being removed and the operating parts shown in their normal positions when the back is at the left hand of the seat. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the opposite or wall end of the seat, the backarm beingr shown in full lines at its limit of broken lines in its normal and intermediate positions. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of one of the seat ends with its wood end removed'. Fig. 4c is an inside view which these objects are attained.

Serial No. 112,453. (No model.)

in elevation of the end shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical cross-section through the center of the seat, showing the back in a semireversed position. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the movable stops and its operating-bar. Fig. 7 is a perspective inside view'of the back-arm. Fig. S is a perspective inside broken view of the intermediate arm. Fig. 9 is perspective view of one ofthe stay-bars. Fig. l0 is a perspective view of one ofthe cushion-rockers. Fig. 1l is a perspective view of one of the foot-rest rockers. Fig. l2 is a perspective view of the cross-arm for supporting the foot-rests. Fig. 13 is a cross-section through one of the guide or staybar-retaining lugs and a portion of the seat end. Fig. 14 is alongitudinalsection through the inside wall of-the car and the center of the seat and back, the latter being shown in a semireversed position with the chain connection removed.

Similar letters and figures of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout all the figures of the drawings.

The seat-frame consists of two end castings A B and two connecting-rails O D, the end A being preferably cast integral with a stand or pedestal E and constituting the aisle end of the seat. The end B is a plate which is usually cast of iron and constitutes the wall end of the seat. The end A is provided with a boss or hub 1 and the end B with a similar boss or hub 2, and the two ends are connected by the rails O D in the usual manner.

F is a back-arm to which the back G is secured, there being one of these arms at each end of the back. This arm F is provided with a boss or hub 3, encircling which is a projecting member 4, having a tooth 5.

H is an intermediate arm which connects the back with the seat-frame at each end thereof. This arm His provided at its upper end with a hollow boss or huh 6, 4adapted to engage a perforation 7 in theboss 3 of the arm F, and by which means the two arms are pivotally connected and so retained by a rivet or holt passing through a perforation 8 of the boss G. The lower end of the arm H is provided with an oppositely-extending hub 9, having a' crank-arm 10, from the free end of which projects a crank-pin 11, provided with ICG LII

an enlarged head 12, a perforation or bore 13 being made through the hub 9 and arm H tol receive at each end of the seat a rock-shaft I, which passes through the said hubs and arms and whose ends enter and are adapted to rotate in perforations 14 15, formed in the bosses or hubs 1 2 and end castings A B, the hubs 9 being secured to the said rock-shaft by means of pins 16 or otherwise.

From the construction thus far described it will be seen that the back is pivotally connected with the seat-frame by means of the rock-shaft I and that it is also pivotally connected with the upper end of the intermediate arm H, and therefore the seat being of what is known as the walk-over type some additional mechanism is necessary to cause the back to swing from side to side of the seat on the lower or rock-shaft pivots and to conne the function of the upper pivotal connections to reversing the inclination of the back while being shifted across the seat and to permitting the back to be inclined independently of the said lower pivots after it has reached its normal position at either side of the seat, but otherwise allowing the back to swing on the said lower pivots in substantially the same manner as would be the case if the said upper connections were rigid instead of pivotal or if the arms H were rigidly secured to the back. The said additional mechanism which I employ in conjunction with the improvements herein set forth is in some respects the same as shown and described in the said application, Serial No. 96,52%, the invention of which I disclaim, but have illustrated and will describe herein such features of the same as may be necessary to` make my present invention clear.

In each of the end castings A B, I form an openingr 17, within which operates a stay-bar J, provided with stay-lugs 18, stop-lugs 19, and a strengthening web or fiange 20, the said stay-bar being held in place by means of guide-lugs 21, formed on the inside of the end castings and the usual wood end K (see Fig. 13) at the aisle end of the seat, while the side of the car may serve the function in this respect of the wood end K at the wall end of the seat.

In addition to the pivotal connections hereinbefore described between the seat-frame and back these parts are connected by means of a chain 2', which engages the tooth 5 and to each end of which is attached a rod 22, the free end of each of which is screw-threaded to receive a nut 23. This chain passes over the projecting member 4 of the arm F, attached to the back at each end thereof, and extends down to and partially around the under sides of the bosses or hubs l 2 of the end castings A B. The rods 22 are curved or otherwise so formed as to pass each other, and their free ends pass through the stay-lugs 18 and are held therein by the nuts 23, which permits of adjustment and taking up slack in the chain, Thus when the arm H is oscillated on its lower or rock-shaft pivot the pivot of the back-arm F will rotate slightly in the opposite direction, as will be hereinafter more fully explained, whereby in the course of its movement across the seat the back will assume the same inclination at either side thereof'.

The ends of stop-rods M are journaled in the end castings A B at 24, and to these rods, at each end of the seat, on the inside of the said end castings, there are secured stops N, having steps 25 26 27, while on the outside of the end casting A there is attached to each of the rods M a lever-arm O, the rods extending beyond the end casting to receive the same. To the free end of this lever-arm there is pivotally connected at 28 a pull-bar P,which extends upwardly and terminates in a knob or finger-piece 29 above the end casting A into the open end of the seat, where it is in convenient reach of the occupant of the seat. This bar P is also provided with a slot or opening 30, adapted to engage a stud or projection 31 on'the outside of the end casting A, which stud, in conjunction with a washer 32, serves to retain the pull-bar in proper position for operating its respective stop N.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings the seat-back arm is shown at its normal inclination and represents the usual position of the back of an ordinary car-seat, which position is designated as position A and results from the difference in measurements ofthe bosses or hubs 1 2 and the members 4, over which the chain 2 travels, and which distance is greater at the upper than at the lower said parts.

In Fig. 2 the back-arm is represented in three different positions, A, B, and C, positions A and B being shown by broken lines and position C by full lines, the latter position being the full limit of the incline of the back, the several positions of which are controlled by the said steps of the stops N in the following manner.

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The stay-bar J is shorter than the opening 17, in which it moves, the difference in length of the two being proportionate with the inclinations of the back. Hence when the back is in position A`the stay-bar at each end of the seat will assume a central position and be so held between steps 25 of each of the stops N, as shown in Fig. 1, and when in such position the back will assume the same inclination at either side of the seat when it is reversed from one side to the other, and when it is desired to incline the back to either of the positions B C one of the pull-bars P-the one nearest the front edge of the seat and farthest away from the backis pulled upward, and this operation rotates its respective stoprod M through the medium of its connecting lever-arm O and releases steps 25 of stops N, attached to the said stop-rod, from engagement with their respective stop-lugs 19 of the stay-bars J at each end of the seat. When the said parts are thus released, the occupants of the seat can by exerting a backward pressure against the seat-back incline the same to either of the positions B C or to such other positions as the mechanism may be arranged to permit of, as the back-arms F will then turn on their pivots 6 independently of the pivoted connections between the arms H and the seat frame, which independent movement is permissible by reason of the movable stay-bars J, which carry the lugs 18, to which the connecting-rods 22 are secured and which as the arms F are inclined beyond their normal positions will move forward and engage steps of the stops N corresponding with the position of the back. It is apparent, however, that where but one inclination of the back is to be provided for the stay-lugs 18 may be secured to orformed integral with the end castings A B.

A spring Q is coiled aroundk a rod 33, the lower end of which is secured to a bracket 34, projecting laterally from the pull-bar P, and the upper free end of which slides through a lug or bracket 35, projecting from the end tieve casting A. The lower end of the spring Q has its bearing against the upper side of the bracket 3d, and its upper end bears against the under side of bracket 35, resulting in a downward pressure of the spring being transmitted to the pull-bar, which when free to act will be thereby forced downward and rock the stop-rod M, with which it is connected, causing one or the other of said stops at each end of the seat to engage one or the other or all of the stop-lugs 19, as hereinbefore partially explained.

The upper corners of the end castings A B are formed with curved bearings 36, adapted to receive correspondingly-curved lower ends 37 of the back-arms F and arrest further movement of the said arms H.

The top faces of the rails C D are inclined toward the center of the seat, as shown at 38 39, and these rails carry at each end of the seat or at suitable distances therefrom a rocker R, having inclined or rounded lower end surfaces 40, upwardly-projecting angularly-formed members el, and a vertical slot or opening 42, extending downwardly from the top side of the rocker, the latter being reimbursed or strengthened at this point by an extension-flange 43, provided with a rectangular perforation 44. These rockers carry a cushion-frame S, the lower corners of which engage the said angularlyformed members 41, and which holds the cushion-frame in proper position on the rockers, which are moved forward and backward in a rocking manner on the rails C D by and as the arm H is rocked to and fro across theseat, the operation of which causes. the seat-cushion to be moved in an opposite direction from the movement of the back and to be inclined upwardly at the front edge of said cushion, as is customary in modern car-seats. This inclinanon .is produced by the riding of the rockers the incliner 'at one site' eritiie seat and ne the ieri-ieee at the essere@ sie@ si the seat, such movement being produced by the crank-pin 1l operating in the slot or opening 4:2 as the arm H is moved across the seat in either direction, the rockers beingr retained in their proper position longitudinally of the seat by the heads 12, which operate in the perforations 44:.

From the drawings vand above description of the cushion-frame it will be observed that there are no projections below the bottom of same, that it is free to be removed from the seat-frame independently of the operating mechanism, and that the cushions can therefore be piled one upon another without injury to the upholstering material, which is a great advantage, as in cleaning cars it is the custom to remove all the seat-cushions and pile them up in a convenient place where they can be drubbed or otherwise renovated.

At the wall end of the seat and at a suitable distance from the said end there is attached to the under side of rails C D a crossarm T, provided with a lateral stud 45, and projecting inwardly from the pedestal E there is a corresponding stud 46. Upon each of these studs there is mounted a foot rest rocker U, having upon the rock-shaft I, at one end of the seat,

projecting studs 47, and

there is rigidly mounted a collar V, provided y with an extension 4S, having laterally-projecting studs 49. The collar V is. connected with one of the foot-rest rockers by means of arms W, the upper ends of which are pivotally IOO mounted upon the studs 49, and the lower ends of which are provided with slots 50, which engage the studs 47 of the foot-rest rockers U and provide compensation for the differential movements of the studs 47 with the studslli). Thusoperativeconnectionisformed between one of the foot-rest rockers U and the rock-shaft I, and as both of the foot-rest rockers are connectedf together by foot-rests X they are rocked in unison by the movement of the rock-shaft, so that the normal position of the foot-rest at the front of the seat will be up near'the under side of the front rail and that of the rear'one will be in a lowered position convenient for use as a foot-rest by the occupant of the rear seat, and when the back stands in a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 5, the two foot-rests will stand in substantially a horizontal plane, about midway of their vertical movement, in which position more space is given for sweeping or mopping the ioor of the car beneath theseats.

It is obvious from the foregoing that the details as l have described same may be departed from in various ways without departing from the spirit of my invention. I therefore do not limit the invention to such exact details.

Having thus fully described my invention, claimt 1. lIn a reclining-seat, the combination with a statcan@ as@ .e been, @,f .a entretenerse los ducing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, and movable stays to which said mechanism is secured, whereby when the supporting-arm is at rest at either side of the seat the back may be inclined independently of movementof the supporting-arm.

2. In areclining-seat, the combination with a seat-frame and a back, of a supporting-arm intermediate the back and frame and connected with both by pivots, mechanism producing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, movable stays to which said mechanism is secured, and means for limiting the movement of said movable stays, whereby when the supportingarm is at rest at either side of the seat the back may be inclined independently of movement of the supporting-arm.

3. In a reclining-seat, the combination with a seat-frame anda back, of a supporting-arm intermediate the back and frame and connected with both by pivots, mechanism producing reverse movements ot' said pivots du ring the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, movable stays to which said mechanism is secured, and graded stops for controlling the inclinations of the seat-back whereby when the supporting-arm is at rest at eitherside of the seat the back may be held at diierent inclinations independently of the supporting-arms.

4. In a reclining-seat, the combination with a seat-frame anda back having a lower extension at each end thereof, of a su pporting-arm intermediate the said extension and frame and connected with both by pivots, mechanism producing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, bearings at each side of the frame to receive and upon which the said extensions are adapted to rotate, and movable stays to which said mechanism is secured, whereby when the supporting-arm is at rest at either side of the seat the back may be inclined independently of the supporting-arm.

5. In a reclining-seat, the combination with a seat-frame and a back, of a supporting-arm intermediate the back and frame and connected with both by pivots, mechanism producing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, movable stays to which said mechanism is secured, stops for limiting the movement of said movable stays, and means for manipulating said stops, whereby when the supporting-arm is at rest at either side of the seat the back may beinclined independently of movement of the supporting-arm.

6. In a car-seat, the combination with a seat-frame and a back, of a supporting-arm intermediate the back and frame and connected with both by pivots, separate mechanism coacting with and producing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, stays to which said mechanism'is secured, cushion-rockers carried by the seatframe, and an operative connection between the arm and rockers whereby the latter are shiftably tilted by the movement of the said arm and retained in place on the frame thereby.

7. In a car-seat, the combination with a seat-frame and a back, of a supporting-arm intermediate the back and frame and connected with both by pivots, separate mechanism coacting with and producing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, cushion-rockers carried by the seatframe and having a slot therein, and an operative connection between the arm and rockers, consisting of a boss or hub projecting inwardly from and in line with the lower pivot of said supporting-arm; a crank-arm at the free end of said boss or hub and a crank-pin extending laterally from said crank-arm, the said pin engaging said slot in the rocker whereby the latter is caused to rock across the seat-frame by the shifting of the back.

8. In a car-seat, the combination with a seat-frame and a back, of a rock-shaft extending longitudinally of the frame and journaled in the ends thereof, a supporting-arm intermediate the back and frame and connected with both by pivots, the supporting-arm being mounted on and secured to the rock-shaft which constitutes its pivot, separate mechanism coacting with and producing reverse movements of said pivots during the operation of shifting the back from one side of the seat to the other, a foot-rest pivotally connected with the frame, a collar mounted on the rock-shaft, and an operative connection between the rock-shaft and the foot-rest whereby shifting of the back will rock the latter.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflx my signature, in the presence ot' two witnesses, this 17th day of June, 1902.

HENRY TESSEYMAN.

Witnesses:

H. R. Vlor, O. J STEVENS.

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